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1.
Interciencia ; 33(10): 747-753, oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630684

ABSTRACT

La ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae es un bivalvo de interés comercial, común en las comunidades de manglar en el oriente de Venezuela. Para evaluar el potencial de generación de biomasa de la especie se realizaron muestreos mensuales desde mayo 2002 hasta mayo 2003, en dos estaciones de la población natural de Laguna Grande del Obispo, estado Sucre, Venezuela. Utilizando un diseño de muestreo al azar simple se determinó la abundancia y la biomasa de bivalvos fijados a raíces de Rhizophora manglae, estimando la producción secundaria por el método de la tasa específica de crecimiento. Se determinó una densidad promedio de 818,13ind/m² de raíz con biomasa promedio en peso seco de 662,39g/m², sin diferencias significativas entre estaciones ni meses. Utilizando un modelo de crecimiento con parámetros finales de L¥= 87,68 y K= 0,19/mes, se obtuvo una producción secundaria total de 2355,546g/m²/año, siendo el intervalo de talla 50,01-60,00mm el que aportó la mayor cantidad (382,353g/m²/año). La máxima producción se obtuvo en ene-feb 2003 (243,906g/m²/año) y la mínima en may-jun 2002 (100,80g/m²/año). La producción por individuo fue de 43,283g/m²/año con la misma tendencia temporal de la total. Aunque no se determinó correlación de los incrementos de producción con la temperatura y salinidad, la mayor producción ocurre durante la época de surgencia costera en la zona. La relación producción/biomasa fue de 3,55/año, resultados que indican que C. rhizophorae presenta un gran potencial para actividades de acuicultura en la zona por su reproducción continua y altas tasas de crecimiento y productividad.


The oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae is a bivalve of commercial interest, common in mangrove communities of eastern Venezuela. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the production of biomass of species in a natural population of Laguna Grande de Obispo, Cariaco Gulf, Venezuela. Monthly samplings were carried out between May 2002 and May 2003 in two stations. Using a simple random sampling design, the abundance and biomass of bivalves fixed on mangrove roots Rhizophora manglae were determined, estimating the secondary production by the specific growth rate method. Mean density was 818.13ind/m² and mean biomass was 662.39g/m² of root, without significant differences between stations and months. Using a growth equation with final parameters L¥= 87.68 and K= 0.19/month, a total secondary production of 2355.546g/m²/year was obtained, individuals 50.01-60.00mm long providing most of it (382.353g/m²/year). Maximum production were obtained in Jan-Feb 2002 (243.906g/m²/year) and minimum in May-June 2002 (100.80g/m²/year). Individual production was 43.283g/m², with the same temporal tendency of total production. Although the correlation between increments of production and temperature and salinity was not determined, the highest production occurs during the upwelling period in the area. The production/biomass relationship was 3.54/year, indicating that C. rhizophorae has a large potential for aquaculture in this area, due to its continuous reproduction and high growth and production rates.


A ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae é um bivalves de interesse comercial, comum nas comunidades de manglares no oriente da Venezuela. Para avaliar o potencial de geração de biomassa da espécie se realizaram amostras mensais desde maio de 2002 até maio de 2003, em duas estações da população natural de Laguna Grande do Obispo, estado Sucre, Venezuela. Utilizando um desenho de amostras aleatório simples se determinou a abundância e a biomassa de bivalves fixados a raízes de Rhizophora manglae, estimando a produção secundária pelo método da taxa específica de crescimento. Determinou-se uma densidade média de 818,13ind/m² de raiz com biomassa média em peso seco de 662,39g/m², sem diferenças significativas entre estações nem meses. Utilizando um modelo de crescimento com parâmetros finais de L¥= 87,68 e K= 0,19/mês, se obteve uma produção secundária total de 2.355,546g/m²/ano, sendo o intervalo de tamanho 50,01-60,00mm o que aportou a maior quantidade (382,353g/m²/ano). A máxima produção se obteve em jan-fev de 2003 (243,906g/m²/ano) e a mínima em mai-jun de 2002 (100,80g/m²/ano). A produção por indivíduo foi de 43,283g/m²/ano com a mesma tendência temporal da total. Ainda que não se determinasse correlação dos incrementos de produção com a temperatura e salinidade, a maior produção ocorreu durante a época de surgência costeira na zona. A relação produção/biomassa foi de 3,55/ano, resultados que indicam que C. rhizophorae apresenta um grande potencial para atividades de aqüicultura na zona por sua reprodução continua e altas taxas de crescimento e produtividade.

2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 53(1/2): 135-140, mar.-jun 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-455492

ABSTRACT

The diversity of a sublittoral epifaunal mollusk community of Punta Patilla, Sucre State, Venezuela, was studied from September 1990 to September 1991. We identified 25 species (14 bivalves and 11 gastropods) of mollusks that inhabit gravel, soft sand and bottoms covered by Thalassia testudinum.Total diversity indices were H´= 3.42, J´= 0.74 and 1-D = 0.85. Monthly diversity reached its maximum in March 1991 (3.12 bits/ ind.), June 1991 (2.88 bits/ind.) and September 1991 (2.95 bits/ind.); minimum diversity was recorded in August 1991 (1.20 bits/ind.).A log series model showed a diversity index alpha = 4.56 for species abundance data and alpha = 3.11 for biomass data. The more abundant species were Chione cancellata, Antigona listeri, Chione granulata and Arca zebra among the bivalves, and Chicoreus brevifrons, Turritella variegata and Phyllonotus pomum among the gastropods (which present maximum biomass). The average total biomass (56.80 g/m2 )is low when compared to reports from other tropical zones


Se estudió la diversidad de una comunidad malacológica sublitoral en Punta Patilla, Estado Sucre, Venezuela, desde septiembre 1990 hasta septiembre 1991. Se identificaron 25 especies, 14 bivalvos y 11 gasterópodos. Los parámetros de diversidad total en número de la comunidad fueron H´=3.41 bits/ind., J´=0.74 y 1-D =0.85. Las máximas diversidades mensuales se observaron en marzo 1991 (3.12 bits/ind.), junio 1991 (2.88 bits/ind) y septiembre 1991 (2.95 bits/ind.) y la mínima ocurrió en agosto 1991 (1.20 bits/ind.). Los datos del número de individuos conforman una línea recta ajustada por la serie logarítmica con un índice alfa =4.56 y alfa =3.11 para los de biomasa. Las especies más abundantes fueron Chione cancellata, Antigona listeri, Chione granulata y Arca zebra entre los bivalvos, y Chicoreus brevifrons, Turritella variegata y Phyllonotus pomum entre los gasterópodos, estos presentaron las máximas biomasas individuales. La biomasa total promedio de la comunidad (56.80 g/m2 ) es baja cuando se compara con otros reportes de áreas tropicales. Los moluscos habitaron fondos de grava y arenofangoso cubiertos por praderas de Thalasia testudinum


Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Bivalvia/classification , Ecology , Gastropoda/classification , Biomass , Bivalvia/growth & development , Gastropoda/growth & development , Plankton , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Seasons , Venezuela
3.
Rev. biol. trop ; 51(supl. 4): 197-203, jun. 2003. mapas, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-388917

ABSTRACT

The community structure of fishes on a sandy beach with patch of Thalassia and coral reefs was studied at Punta Las Cabeceras, Cubagua Island, Venezuela. Diurnal monthly samples were obtained from March 1999 to February 2000. Numerical abundance of fish species was recorded to determine the specific diversity. A total of 1 268 individual from 38 species and 20 families were identified: Haemulidae, Scaridae and Gerreidae were the more abundant, with 7, 4 and 3 species, respectively. Nicholsina usta, Eucinostomus argenteus, Halichoeres bivittatus and Tylosurus crocodiles made up 74.38 of the abundance, and present in 50 of the samples. The number of species occasional visitors was 30 (78.94), indicative of the mobilization from another areas. On a monthly basis, the species number varied between 2 and 12; diversity index between 0.98 and 2.93 bits ind(-1), equitability (J') from 0.44 to 0.98, both indices showing the same tendency. N. usta and E. argenteus had the highest biological index equivalent to 59.1 and 60.0, respectably, of the maximum possible total and were dominants and characteristics fishes of the community.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ecosystem , Fishes , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Venezuela
4.
Rev. biol. trop ; 49(3/4): 903-913, Sep.-Dec. 2001.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-333096

ABSTRACT

Morphology of the mandibular and pharyngeal region, and the feeding habits of Micropogonias furnieri were examined in 256 male and female specimens, between 28.7 and 54.3 cm total length, collected around Morro Puerto Santo, in northeast Sucre State, Venezuela (10 degrees 45'00" N-63 degrees 8'0" W), from May 1989 to April 1990. Micropogonias furnieri has a small ventral mouth; protrusible premaxillary and dentary; first branchial arches with 21 to 27 gill rakers, generally 24 to 25; and 7 to 11 pyloric caecae. The index of vacuity was low, with mean value of 7.00. The mean intestinal index was 0.72, indicative of carnivorous species. Analysis of frequency of occurrence, indicates preference for crustaceans (45.70), mainly crabs (34.90), followed by polychaetes (28.00), fishes (11.41) and occasionally mollusks and echinoderms (4.0 and 3.9, respectively). The diet of this species did not vary with sex.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Fishes , Feeding Behavior , Mouth , Pharynx , Diet , Digestive System , Gastrointestinal Contents , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Seasons , Venezuela
5.
Rev. biol. trop ; 49(2): 591-598, Jun. 2001.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-333124

ABSTRACT

La diversidad malacológica de una comunidad submareal de Arca zebra se estudió, desde septiembre, 1990 hasta septiembre, 1991, en Chacopata, Estado Sucre, Venezuela. Se identificaron 40 especies (24 de bivalvos y 16 de gasterópodos). Los parámetros de diversidad en número de la comunidad fueron bajos (H` = 2.087 bits /ind., J` = 0.392, Simpson = 0.528) cuando se comparan con otros reportes de áreas tropicales. Los datos del número de individuos por especies con el rango conforman una línea recta ajustada por la serie logaritmica, con un índice de diversidad (a) de 5.66. Las máximas diversidades mensuales se observaron en septiembre, 1990 (1.63 bits/ind.) y julio, 1991 (1.60 bits/ind.), la mínima ocurrió en junio, 1991 (0.52 bits/ind.). De las 40 especies identificadas, la pepitona, Arca zebra fue la especie dominante en número (68.87 %) y en biomasa (72.34 %), seguida por Pinctada imbricata, Modiolus squamosus, Chama macerophyla y Anadara notabilis. Los gasterópodos predadores Phyllonotus pomum, Chicoreus brevifrons y Murex recurvirostris parecen tener relaciones tróficas con la especie dominante. La biomasa promedio total en peso húmedo con la concha (469.20 + 263 g m-2) es alta e indica que A. zebra, la especie dominante de rápido crecimiento, desempeña el papel más importante en la comunidad como un eficiente filtrador, que convierte el alimento planctónico en biomasa disponible, soportando una de las pesquerías más importantes de la región.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bivalvia , Biomass , Species Specificity , Venezuela
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